Ephedra distachya
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| File:Ephedra distachya (with cones) 2011 1.jpg | |
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E. distachya
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| Ephedra distachya |
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Ephedra distachya is a shrub in the family Ephedraceae, about 25 cm to 50 cm high, that grows in southern and central Europe and parts of western and central Asia from Portugal to Kazakhstan.[2][3] Its local names include somlatha.
- Subspecies
- Ephedra distachya subsp. distachya - central + southern Europe, southwestern + central Asia
- Ephedra distachya subsp. helvetica (C.A.Mey.) Asch. & Graebn. - Switzerland, France, Italy, Slovenia, Austria
Contents
Uses
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It is used to relieve acute muscular and rheumatic pains (when it is called teamsters' tea), as a stimulant, and in the cardio tonics in Ayurveda.[citation needed] It is sometimes identified with the legendary drug soma, as described in the Avesta and the Rig Veda, the respective ancient sacred texts of the Zoroastrian and Hindu faiths.
Ephedrine, an alkaloid, is obtained from its dried branches and is used as a stimulant, often to control asthma. It was isolated from the plant by Nagayoshi Nagai in 1885. All parts of the plant contain up to 3% ephedrine.[4]
Gallery
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Illustration Ephedra distachya0.jpg
Botanical illustration.
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Ephedra distachya (male plant in bloom).jpg
Male plant in bloom.
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Ephedra distachya (male flowers) 2.jpg
Pollen cones.
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Ephedra distachya (female flowers).jpg
Female cones.
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Ephedra distachya (cones) 2011 3.jpg
Ripe cones with seeds.
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Ephedra distachya berries 2.jpg
Female plant with ripe cones.
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Ephedra distachya (rhizome) 2011 1.jpg
Rhizome and bark.
References
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ↑ Altervista Flora Italiana, Efedra distachia, Ephedra distachya L.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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External links
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