Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation

Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Liberation भारतीय कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी (मार्क्सवादी-लेनिनवादी) लिबरेशन
Leader	Dipankar Bhattacharya
Founded	1974
Headquarters	U-90, Shakarpur, Delhi-110092
Newspaper	Liberation (English) Aajker Deshabrati (Bengali)
Student wing	All India Students Association
Youth wing	Revolutionary Youth Association
Women's wing	All India Progressive Women's Association
Labour wing	All India Central Council of Trade Unions All India Agricultural Labour Association
Ideology	Communism, Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought
Political position	Far-left
Colours	Red
ECI Status	State Party
Seats in Lok Sabha	0 / 545
Seats in Rajya Sabha	0 / 245
Seats in the Legislative Assembly	3 / 243 (Bihar Legislative Assembly) 1 / 81 (Jharkhand Legislative Assembly)
Election symbol
File:Cpimllelectionsymbol.png
Website
http://www.cpiml.org
Politics of India Political parties Elections

The Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation is a communist political party in India.

The Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) was formed in 1969 by the All India Coordination Committee of Communist Revolutionaries, which had split from Communist Party of India (Marxist) in 1967. CPI(ML) advocated armed struggle and condemned participation in parliamentary elections and work in mass movements. Initially the party leaders were Charu Majumdar and Kanu Sanyal. In 1971 the party was split in two, when Satyanarayan Singh revolted against Majumdar's sectarianism. CPI(ML) Liberation has its roots in the faction that remained loyal to Majumdar. Later Majumdar's CPI(ML) was split in pro- and anti-Lin Biao factions. CPI(ML) Liberation is the party that evolved out of the anti-Lin Biao faction.

In 1975 Vinod Mishra was elected general secretary. From 1977 a reform process took place in Mishra's CPI(ML). The party conference in 1979 declared that mass organizations ought to be created in every front (which the original CPI(ML) had condemned as "economism"). Mishra's CPI(ML) also maintained good relations with the Communist Party of China, whilst most other Indian ML factions condemned the reorientation that was pushed through by Deng Xiaoping after the death of Mao Zedong.

In 1982 the Indian Peoples Front was formed, and the party started contesting elections under the name of IPF. In 1989 IPF was able to win a Lok Sabha seat from Ara, Bihar. IPF contested a Municipal election from South Dum Dum constituency in Kolkata in 1982 under the leadership of Bikash Dasgupta, but lost to the much stronger CPI(M). Subsequently the movement died in Kolkata while it was still intact in other places like Ara. In 1991 the Ara seat was lost, but the party won a seat in Assam through the mass movement Autonomous State Demand Committee. In 1994 IPF was dissolved and the party started contesting elections under its proper name. However it continued to contest elections under the banner of ASDC until 1999.

File:Cpimllelectionsymbol.png

CPI(ML) Liberation election symbol

Mishra died in 1998. The current general secretary is Dipankar Bhattacharya, who hails from West Bengal. In the Lok Sabha elections in 1999 the party won 0.3% of the votes and one seat (the former ASDC-seat from Assam). In the 2004 elections the seat was lost, mainly due to a split within ASDC.

The English-language publication of the party is Liberation, and thus the party is called CPI(ML) Liberation. In India there are several other CPI(ML)s, such as CPI(ML) New Democracy, CPI(ML) Janashakti and CPI(ML) Red Flag.

The party is represented in the state assemblies of Bihar and Jharkhand.

The main mass organizations of the party are:

• Revolutionary Youth Association (RYA)
• All India Students Association (AISA)
• All India Agricultural Labour Association (AIALA)
• All India Peasants' Coordination Committee
• All India Central Council of Trade Unions (AICCTU)
• All India Progressive Women's Association (AIPWA)
• Autonomous State Demand Committee (ASDC)

CPI(ML) South Tripura District Committee office

In Tamil the party is called இந்திய கம்யூனிஸ்ட் கட்சி (மார்க்ஸிஸ்ட் லெனினிஸ்ட்) விடுதலை.

Organs

Liberation is the monthly central English organ of CPI(ML). Apart from Liberation, the party publishes a central Hindi weekly organ, Samkaleen Lokyuddh. Some state party committees publish their own organs, like the weekly Ajker Deshabrati in West Bengal, Nabasphulinga in Tripura, Teeppori in Tamil Nadu, Telugu Liberation in Andhra Pradesh, Kannada Liberation in Karnataka, Samkali Lok Morcha in Punjab, etc.

Lok Sabha election results

State	No. candidates 2004	No. elected 2004	No. candidates 1999	No. elected 1999	Total no. of seats from the state
Andhra Pradesh	1	0	1	0	42
Arunachal Pradesh	0	0	0	0	2
Assam	3	0	1	1	14
Bihar	21	0	23	0	40 (2004)/54(1999)
Chhattisgarh	1	0	-	-	11 (2004)
Goa	0	0	0	0	2
Gujarat	0	0	0	0	26
Haryana	1	0	0	0	10
Himachal Pradesh	0	0	0	0	4
Jammu and Kashmir	0	0	1	0	6
Jharkhand	8	0	-	-	14 (2004)
Karnataka	1	0	0	0	28
Kerala	1	0	0	0	20
Madhya Pradesh	0	0	1	0	29 (2004)/40(1999)
Maharashtra	0	0	0	0	48
Manipur	0	0	0	0	2
Meghalaya	0	0	0	0	2
Mizoram	0	0	0	0	1
Nagaland	0	0	0	0	1
Odisha	2	0	2	0	21
Punjab	1	0	0	0	13
Rajasthan	2	0	3	0	25
Sikkim	0	0	0	0	1
Tamil Nadu	3	0	5	0	39
Tripura	1	0	1	0	2
Uttar Pradesh	10	0	9	0	80 (2004)/85 (1999)
Uttarakhand	2	0	-	-	5 (2004)
West Bengal	5	0	6	0	42
Union territories:
Andaman & Nicobar	1	0	0	0	1
Chandigarh	0	0	0	0	1
Dadra and Nagar Haveli	0	0	0	0	1
Daman and Diu	0	0	0	0	1
Delhi	0	0	1	0	7
Lakshadweep	0	0	0	0	1
Puducherry	1	0	0	0	1
Total:	65	0	56	1	543

External links

• Party website
• Constitution of the Party, retrieved at Election Commission of India website
• "The Naxalite Movement in Central Bihar" PDF document. By Bela Bhatia. Economic and Political Weekly. 9 April 2005 pp 1536 – 1549.