Architecture of Colombia

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Colombia's architectural heritage includes Spanish colonial architecture including Catholic churches. Its modern architecture represents various International Style architecture. In the postmodern architecture era a wave of innovate and striking buildings have been designed.

Colombian cultural heritage includes indigenous, European, Indian and African influences. The country's colonial buildings reflect their Spanish (and particularly Andalusian origin, as seen in the traditional single-story) houses laid around a central patio, to be found both in colonial towns such as Santafé (Bogotá), Tunja or Cartagena, or in rural haciendas throughout the country. After gaining its independence, Colombia severed its links with Spain and looked elsewhere for new models, first England, then France,[1] marking the beginning of what became known as Republican Architecture (Arquitectura republicana), an era that lasted well into the twentieth century, when the changes in architectural thinking in Europe brought Modern Architecture to the country during the last years before World War II.

Prominent Colombian architects include Rafael Esguerra, Daniel Bermúdez, Giancarlo Mazzanti, Rogelio Salmona, Álvaro Barrera, Patricio Samper Gnecco, Bruce Graham, Laureano Forero Ochoa, Pedro Nel Gómez, Raúl Fajardo Moreno, Rafael Esguerra, Arturo Robledo Ocampo and Simón Vélez. Firms include plan:B.

Jorge Arango, Andres Cortes, Jaime Correa and Felipe Hernandez (architect) were born in Colombia. Bruce Graham worked in Colombia.[citation needed] Expats such as Leopold Rother worked in Colombia.

Pre-Columbian period

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Colonial period

Colombian architecture reflects seventeenth-century Spanish colonial origins. Regional differences derive from those found in Spain. Thus, hints of Moorish and Castilian architecture are evident in many cities. Many areas have had difficulty maintaining older structures, and the climate has destroyed many Baroque buildings. The many churches that dot the landscape are among the country's architectural gems, whose interiors reflect the influence of Medieval and Renaissance churches in Spain. Newer buildings in larger cities utilize modern styles with adaptations of the Baroque style supplemented with wood and wrought-iron elements.

Republican (Republicano) Period

Painted ceiling and Murano chandelier at Teatro Colón, Bogotá. One of the finest, most lavish examples of Colombian architecture of the Republican period.

Modern architecture in Colombia

In the 1930s, Colombia began to embrace modern architecture. The new Liberal Party government tore down many older buildings to reject the conservative past. In their place, it constructed modern buildings with an international flavor.

Housing developments

Until the mid-1940s, most Colombians lived in single-family dwellings built of cinder blocks and covered with an adobe made of clay, cow manure, and hay.[citation needed] Uncontrolled urban growth due to massive migration from rural areas resulted in large unplanned settlements in cities. There have been a few notable examples of high-density housing projects, but most are targeted to the rising middle-class. These include the Centro Antonio Nariño, which followed the principles of Le Corbusier and the Torres del Parque by architect Rogelio Salmona.

Gallery

Cathedrals

Buildings

Some of the most important buildings in Colombia are:

  • Horizon Building. Cartagena. 140 metres (459 ft) high.

  • IMG 033601.JPG

    Escollera Tower. Cartagena. 206 metres (676 ft) high.

  • Colpatria Tower. Bogotá. 196 metres (643 ft) high.

  • Parque Berrio-Coltejer-Medellin.JPG

    Coltejer Tower 1977. Medellín. 175 metres (574 ft) high

Historic heritage

Bogotá

Medellín

  • Claustro San Ignacio- 25.jpg

    San Ignacio Abbey, Medellín

  • Iglesia La Veracruz-Fachada 2-Medellin.JPG

    Our Lady of the Vera Cruz church. Medellín, 1791.

Cartagena-Santa Marta

Cúcuta-Villa del Rosario

  • House of Francisco de Paula Santander, Cúcuta

  • Cúcuta - Biblioteca Julio Pérez Ferrero.jpg

    Julio Pérez Ferrero Library, Cúcuta

  • Historic Temple of Villa del Rosario, Villa del Rosario

Landmarks

Guadua architecture

Architectural styles in Colombia

Colonial architecture in Colombia

Neoclassical architecture in Colombia

  • Barranquilla neoclásica centro.jpg

    Neoclassical building, Barranquilla

  • Barranquilla neoclásica K 58.jpg

    Neoclassical building, Barranquilla

  • Barranquilla neoclásica K 54.jpg

    Neoclassical building, Barranquilla

  • Catedral, Popayan.JPG

    Popayan Cathedral

Romanesque Revival architecture

  • Catedral de Medellin-Esquina.JPG

    Metropolitan Cathedral of Medellín

  • Catedral Medellín detalle entrada ppal.jpg

    Metropolitan Cathedral of Medellín, detail

  • Catedral Medellín púlpito 02.jpg

    Metropolitan Cathedral of Medellín, pulpit

  • Catedral de Girardota-Abside.JPG

    Our Lady of Rosary cathedral, Girardota

Gothic Revival architecture

Neo-Mudéjar architecture

  • SantuarioDelCarmen-Bogota.jpg

    Interior view of the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Carmen in Bogota

  • Barranquilla calle 67.jpg

    Mudejar revival building

Art Deco architecture

References

  1. ↑ Banco de la República. La arquitectura republicana en Cartagena. Available online at [1]. Consulted 09-11-2010
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