Horned screamer

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Horned screamer
Anhima cornuta -near Manu Wildlife Center, Manu National Park, Peru -three-8.jpg
Three in Manu National Park, Peru
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
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Genus:
Anhima

Brisson, 1760
Species:
A. cornuta
Binomial name
Anhima cornuta
(Linnaeus, 1766)
Horned Screamer Range.png
Distribution map

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The horned screamer (Anhima cornuta) is a member of a small family of birds, the Anhimidae, which occurs in wetlands of tropical South America. There are three screamer species, the other two being the southern screamer and the northern screamer in the genus Chauna. They are related to the ducks, geese and swans, which are in the family Anatidae, but have bills looking more like those of game birds.

Description

The horned screamer is a massive 84–95 cm (33–38 in) long, 3.5 kg (7.7 lbs) bird, with a small chicken-like bill. The upperparts, head and breast are black, with white speckles on the crown, throat and wing coverts. There is a long spiny structure projecting forward from the crown. This structure is unique among birds and is not derived from a feather but is a cornified structure that is loosely attached to the skull and grows continuously while often breaking at its tip.[2] This gives this species its name. The belly and under wing coverts are white. It has two sharp spurs on its wings, and feet which are only partially webbed.

The horned screamer's call, as its name suggests, is a very loud U-WHO or honking YOIK-YOK.

Distribution, habitat and behavior

The horned screamer is found in lowlands from Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Suriname, French Guiana, and Guyana.[3][4] It is now extinct in Trinidad and Tobago.[3] Despite having declined locally, it remains widespread and is fairly common overall. Its range in Brazil appears to have expanded in recent years.

It lives in well-vegetated marshes and feeds on water plants. Its nest is a large pile of floating vegetation anchored in shallow water. Three olive-brown eggs are laid, and the young, like those of most Anseriformes, can run as soon as they are hatched.

As a symbol

The horned screamer is the official bird of the Department of Arauca and the Municipality of Arauca in Colombia. The department and its capital are named after the bird, which is called Arauco in Spanish.

The bird appears in the arms of Tietê, Brazil.[5]

Footnotes

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  2. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. 3.0 3.1 IUCN (2009)
  4. Clements, J. (2007)
  5. camaratiete.com

References

External links