Aftenposten
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The front page from the 2nd of January 1879.
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| Type | Daily newspaper |
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| Format | Compact |
| Owner(s) | Schibsted |
| Editor | Espen Egil Hansen |
| Founded | 14 May 1860 |
| Political alignment | Liberal conservative |
| Language | Norwegian |
| Headquarters | Oslo, Norway |
| Website | www.aftenposten.no |
Aftenposten (Norwegian for "The Evening Post") is Norway's largest newspaper. It retook this position in 2010 from the tabloid Verdens Gang which had been the largest newspaper for several decades. It is based in Oslo. The morning edition, which is distributed across all of Norway, had a readership of 658,000 in 2013.[1] In addition, the paper had an evening edition, which was only distributed to the populous central eastern part of Norway. The evening edition was subsumed into the morning edition in 2013. Aftenposten has a long tradition of serious journalism, and is by many considered to be the leading Norwegian newspaper. Strong competition in a shrinking market has made the paper opt for a broader appeal, however, as signified by the conversion from broadsheet to compact format in March 2005.[2][3]
Aftenposten's online edition, Aftenposten.no, averages more than 78 million page views per month.
Aftenposten is a private company wholly owned by the public company Schibsted ASA.[4] The paper has approximately 740 employees. Espen Egil Hansen is editor-in-chief as of 2014.
Contents
History and profile
Aftenposten was founded by Christian Schibsted on 14 May 1860[5] under the name Christiania Adresseblad. The following year it was renamed Aftenposten. Since 1885 the paper has printed two daily editions. A Sunday edition was published until 1919, and was reintroduced in 1990. The Friday morning edition carries the A-magasinet supplement, featuring articles on science, politics, and the arts. In 1886 Aftenposten bought a rotary press, being the first Norwegian newspaper in this regard.[6]
Historically, Aftenposten labelled itself as "independent, conservative",[5] most closely aligning their editorial platform with the Norwegian Conservative Party. This manifested itself in blunt anti-communism during the inter-war era. During World War II Aftenposten, due to its large circulation, was put under the directives of the German occupational authorities, and a Nazi editorial management was imposed.
Aftenposten is based in Oslo.[5][7] In the late 1980s Egil Sundar served as the editor-in-chief and attempted to transform the paper into a nationally distributed newspaper.[8] However, he was forced to resign from his post due to his attempt.[8]
Editions
In addition to the morning edition, Aftenposten publishes a separate evening edition called Aften (previously Aftenposten Aften). This edition was published on weekdays and Saturdays until the Sunday morning edition was reintroduced in 1990. The evening edition is only circulated in the central eastern part of Norway, i.e. Oslo and Akershus counties. Thus, it focuses on news related to this area, in contrast with the morning edition, which focuses on national and international news. The evening edition was converted to tabloid format in 1997. From April 2006, the Thursday edition of Aften also includes a special edition with news specific to a part of Oslo or Akershus, called Lokal Aften ("Local Evening"). There are eight versions of this edition, each subscriber receives the version which is most relevant to the area in which he or she lives. In areas that are not covered by any of the eight versions (for example Romerike and Follo), the version for central Oslo is distributed. From May 2009 Aften is only printed and distributed 3 days a week, Tuesday to Thursday.
Aftenposten started its online edition in 1995.[9]
Controversies
In 1945, Aftenposten published the infamous obituary of Adolf Hitler, written by Nobel laureate novelist Knut Hamsun.
Aftenposten has not received the amount of lawsuits and attention from the Norwegian Press Complaints Commission that some of the larger tabloids have. However, there are exceptions. In 2007 Aftenposten alleged that Julia Svetlichnaja, the last person to interview the murdered Russian national Alexander Litvinenko, was a Kremlin agent. London correspondent Hilde Harbo admitted to have let herself be fed disinformation from the Russian emigrant community, without investigating the matter properly.[10] Aftenposten eventually had to apologize, and pay Svetlichnaja's legal costs.
Editorial line
Aftenposten has a conservative stance and supported the political party Høyre[11] until the breakdown of party press system in the country.[4] Following this the paper redefined itself as an independent centre-right.[4]
Right-leaning critics have often pointed out that the paper has become mainstream social-democratic after the end of the Cold War, thus in essence politically aligned with a large majority of Norway's press.
Language
True to its conservative line, Aftenposten is published in a very conservative form of the Norwegian written language called Riksmål, which keeps closer ties to the Danish language than more commonly used norms. In 1990, Aftenposten adopted the latest Riksmål spelling standard of 1986 as its language guideline. This language standard is maintained by a private organization called Riksmålsforbundet, and not by the official Norwegian language council Norsk språkråd. As such it is not an officially accepted norm for Norwegian written language. Since it is largely compatible with the most conservative form of the officially sanctioned, and more common norm Bokmål, this is somewhat less controversial than one would assume. However, Aftenposten has been under repeated criticism for its very strict editorial policy on this matter; mainly because it converts every contribution to the newspaper, including letters from readers, into this language standard - even if they were correctly written according to official language guidelines.
The online version of the paper had a large English section, and was one of the favourite sources for Norwegian news in English amongst the Norwegian diaspora, people of Norwegian descent who live abroad (e.g. in the USA), and others with an interest in Norway. To cut costs, Aftenposten stopped publishing English-language stories in early November 2008. Archives of past material are still available online.[12]
Circulation
Aftenposten (morning paper)
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Numbers from the Norwegian Media Businesses' Association, Mediebedriftenes Landsforening 1980–2009:
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- 1980: 223,925
- 1981: 227,122
- 1982: 230,205
- 1983: 232,459
- 1984: 233,998
- 1985: 240,600
- 1986: 252,093
- 1987: 260,915
- 1988: 264,469
- 1989: 267,278
- 1990: 265,558
- 1991: 269,278
- 1992: 274,870
- 1993: 278,669
- 1994: 279,965
- 1995: 282,018
- 1996: 283,915
- 1997: 286,163
- 1998: 288,078
- 1999: 284,251
- 2000: 276,429
- 2001: 262,632
- 2002: 263,026
- 2003: 256,639
- 2004: 249,861
- 2005: 252,716
- 2006: 248,503
- 2007: 250,179
- 2008: 247,556
- 2009: 243,188
- 2010: 239,831
- 2011: 235,795
- 2012: 225,981
- 2013: 214,026
Aften (evening paper)
Numbers from the Norwegian Media Businesses' Association, Mediebedriftenes Landsforening: 1989–2009:
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- 1939: 78,700
- —
- —
- —
- —
- —
- —
- —
- —
- 1989: 193,932
- 1990: 192,896
- 1991: 195,022
- 1992: 197,738
- 1993: 198,647
- 1994: 188,544
- 1995: 186,003
- 1996: 188,635
- 1997: 191,269
- 1998: 186,417
- 1999: 180,497
- 2000: 175,783
- 2001: 167,671
- 2002: 163,924
- 2003: 155,366
- 2004: 148,067
- 2005: 141,612
- 2006: 137,141
- 2007: 131,089
- 2008: 124,807
- 2009: 111,566
See also
- List of Norwegian newspapers
- List of non-English newspapers with English language subsections
- Radio Gaga
References
- ↑ Readership of Norwegian print newspapers 2013 Media Norway ©2014
- ↑ Ingrid Brekke (4 May 2013): Tabloid i form, men ikke i sjel (Norwegian) Aftenposten, Retrieved 14 June 2013
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Further reading
- Merrill, John C. and Harold A. Fisher. The world's great dailies: profiles of fifty newspapers (1980) pp 37-43
