1806

This article is about the year 1806. For the number, see 1806 (number).

An enamelled date from a plaque in Stamford

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	18th century – 19th century – 20th century
Decades:	1770s  1780s  1790s  – 1800s –  1810s  1820s  1830s
Years:	1803 1804 1805 – 1806 – 1807 1808 1809

1806 in topic:

Humanities

Archaeology – Architecture – Art – Literature – Music

By country

Australia – Brazil - Canada – Denmark - France – Germany – Mexico – Norway - Philippines - Portugal– Russia - South Africa – Spain - Sweden - United Kingdom – United States

Other topics

Rail Transport – Science – Sports

Lists of leaders

Colonial Governors – State leaders

Birth and death categories

Births – Deaths

Establishments and disestablishments categories

Establishments – Disestablishments

Works category

Works

1806 in other calendars

Gregorian calendar	1806 MDCCCVI
Ab urbe condita	2559
Armenian calendar	1255 ԹՎ ՌՄԾԵ
Assyrian calendar	6556
Bengali calendar	1213
Berber calendar	2756
British Regnal year	46 Geo. 3 – 47 Geo. 3
Buddhist calendar	2350
Burmese calendar	1168
Byzantine calendar	7314–7315
Chinese calendar	乙丑年 (Wood Ox) 4502 or 4442     — to — 丙寅年 (Fire Tiger) 4503 or 4443
Coptic calendar	1522–1523
Discordian calendar	2972
Ethiopian calendar	1798–1799
Hebrew calendar	5566–5567
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1862–1863
- Shaka Samvat	1728–1729
- Kali Yuga	4907–4908
Holocene calendar	11806
Igbo calendar	806–807
Iranian calendar	1184–1185
Islamic calendar	1220–1221
Japanese calendar	Bunka 3 (文化３年)
Julian calendar	Gregorian minus 12 days
Korean calendar	4139
Minguo calendar	106 before ROC 民前106年
Thai solar calendar	2348–2349

1806 (MDCCCVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (dominical letter E) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Monday (dominical letter G) of the Julian calendar, the 1806th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 806th year of the 2nd millennium, the 6th year of the 19th century, and the 7th year of the 1800s decade. Note that the Julian day for 1806 is 12 calendar days difference, which continued to be used from 1582 until the complete conversion of the Gregorian calendar was entirely done in 1929.

Events

January–March

• January 1 – Kingdom of Bavaria established by Napoleon.
• January 5 – The body of Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, lies in state in the Painted Hall of the Greenwich Hospital prior to his funeral.
• January 8 – Cape Colony becomes a British colony.
• January 9 – Lord Nelson is given a state funeral at St Paul's Cathedral, attended by the Prince of Wales.
• January 10 – The Dutch in Cape Town surrender to the British forces.
• January 19 – The British occupy the Cape of Good Hope.
• January 23 – Grenville succeeds William Pitt the Younger as wartime Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, upon Pitt's death this day amidst worsening health caused by the stresses of the Napoleonic Wars.
• February 6 – The Royal Navy gains a victory off Santo Domingo.
• March 23 – After traveling through the Louisiana Purchase and reaching the Pacific Ocean, explorers Lewis and Clark and their Corps of Discovery begin their journey home.
• March 28 – Washington College (now Washington & Jefferson College) is chartered by the Pennsylvania General Assembly.
• March 29 – Construction is authorized of the National Road (the first United States federal highway).

April–June

• April 8 – Stéphanie de Beauharnais, adopted daughter of Napoleon Bonaparte, marries Prince Karl Ludwig Friedrich of Baden.
• May 30 – Andrew Jackson kills a man in a duel after the man had accused Jackson's wife of bigamy.
• June 5 – Louis Bonaparte is appointed as King of Holland by his brother, Emperor Napoleon.

July–September

• July 4
  • Battle of Maida: Britain defeats the French in Calabria.
  • The legendary ship The Irish Rover sets sail from the Cove of Cork, Ireland for New York.
• July 10 – Vellore Mutiny, the first mutiny by Indian sepoys against the East India Company.
• July 12 – Sixteen German Imperial States leave the Holy Roman Empire and form the Confederation of the Rhine &ndash Liechtenstein being given full sovereignty – leading to collapse of the Empire after 8 centuries.
• July 15 – Pike expedition: Near St. Louis, Missouri, United States Army Lieutenant Zebulon Pike leads an expedition from Fort Bellefontaine to explore the west.
• July 23 – A British expeditionary force of 1,700 men landed on the left bank of the Río de la Plata and invaded Buenos Aires.
• August – English seal hunter Abraham Bristow discovers the Auckland Islands.
• August 6 – Francis II, the last Holy Roman Emperor, abdicates, thus ending the Holy Roman Empire after about a millennium.
• September – Prussia declares war on France, and is joined by Saxony and other minor German states.
• September 23 – The Lewis and Clark Expedition reaches St. Louis, Missouri, ending a successful exploration of the Louisiana Territory and the Pacific Northwest.

October–December

• October 9 – Battle of Schleiz: First clash of the Franco-Prussian conflict. The Prussian army is easily defeated by a more numerous French force.
• October 14 – Battle of Jena–Auerstedt: Napoleon defeats the Prussian army of Prince Hohenlohe at Jena while Marshal Davout defeats the main Prussian army under Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, who is killed.
• October 17 – Emperor Jacques I of Haiti (Jean-Jacques Dessalines) is assassinated at the Pont-Rouge, Haiti, and Alexandre Pétion becomes first President of the Republic of Haiti.
• October 24 – French forces enter Berlin.
• October 30 – Capitulation of Stettin: Believing themselves massively outnumbered, the 5,300-man garrison at Stettin in Prussia surrenders to a much smaller French force without a fight.
• November – Napoleon declares a Continental Blockade against the British.
• November 15 – Pike expedition: During his second exploratory expedition, Lieutenant Zebulon Pike sees a distant mountain peak while near the Colorado foothills of the Rocky Mountains (later named Pikes Peak in his honor).
• November 24 – The last major Prussian field force, under Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher, surrenders to the French near Lübeck. Frederick William III has by this time fled to Russia.
• November 28 – French troops enter Warsaw.
• December 26 – War of the Fourth Coalition
  • Battle of Pułtusk: Russian forces under General Bennigsen narrowly escape from a direct confrontation with Napoleon, who goes into winter quarters.
  • Battle of Golymin: Russian forces under General Golitsyn fight a successful rearguard action against French forces under Marshall Murat.

Date unknown

• Noah Webster publishes his first American English dictionary.

Section of a frieze from the Elgin Marbles.

• Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin, removes the Elgin Marbles from the Parthenon in Athens.
• Annual British iron production reaches 260,000 tons.

Births

January–June

• January 1 – Lionel Kieseritzky, Baltic German chess player (d. 1853)
• January 27 – Juan Crisóstomo Arriaga, Spanish composer (d. 1826)
• February 22 – Józef Kremer, Polish messianic philosopher (d. 1875)
• March 4 – Ephraim Wales Bull, Creator of the Concord grape (d. 1895)
• March 6 – Elizabeth Barrett Browning, English poet (d. 1861)
• March 12 – Jane Pierce, First Lady of the United States (d. 1863)
• March 21 – Benito Juárez, Mexican statesman and folk hero (d. 1872)
• April 3 – Ivan Kireyevsky, Russian literary critic and philosopher (d. 1856)
• April 6 – Friedrich Wilhelm Ritschl, German scholar (d. 1876)
• April 9 – Isambard Kingdom Brunel, British engineer (d. 1859)
• May 2 – Catherine Labouré, French visionary and saint (d. 1876)
• May 20 – John Stuart Mill, British philosopher (d. 1873)
• June 12 – John Augustus Roebling, German-born engineer (d. 1869)
• June 27 – Augustus De Morgan, British mathematician and logician (d. 1871)

July–December

• July 5 – James Dawson, Aboriginal Guardian (d. 1900)
• September 12 – Andrew Hull Foote, American admiral (d. 1863)
• October 3 – Oliver Cowdery, American religious leader (d. 1850)
• December 11 – Otto Wilhelm Hermann von Abich, German geologist (d. 1886)

Date unknown

• William Bell, English portrait painter from Newcastle upon Tyne (b. c. 1735)
• Edward Welch, Welsh architect (d. 1868)

Deaths

January–June

• January 23 – William Pitt the Younger, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1759)
• February 2 – Rétif de la Bretonne, French writer (b. 1734)
• February 16 – Franz von Weyrother, Austrian general (b. 1755)
• February 19 – Elizabeth Carter, English writer (b. 1717)
• February 20 – Lachlan McIntosh, Scottish-born American military and political leader (b. 1725)
• March 23 – George Pinto English composer (b. 1785)
• March 30 – Georgiana Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire (b. 1757)
• April 9 – William V, Prince of Orange (b. 1748)
• April 22 – Pierre-Charles Villeneuve, French admiral (stabbed) (b. 1763)
• May 9 – Robert Morris (financier), Financier of the American Revolution (b. 1734)
• May 24 – John Campbell, 5th Duke of Argyll, British field marshal (b. 1723)
• June 23 – Mathurin Jacques Brisson, French naturalist (b. 1723)

July–December

Charles-Augustin de Coulomb

• July 10 – George Stubbs, English painter (b. 1724)
• July 11 – James Smith, American signer of the United States Declaration of Independence
• August 10 – Michael Haydn, Austrian composer (b. 1737)
• August 22 – Jean-Honoré Fragonard, French painter (b. 1742)
• August 23 – Charles-Augustin de Coulomb, French physicist (b. 1736)
• September 9 – William Paterson, signer of the United States Constitution, Governor of New Jersey (b. 1745)
• October 9 – Benjamin Banneker, American astronomer and surveyor (b. 1731)
• October 10 – Louis Ferdinand of Prussia, German prince (killed in battle) (b. 1772)
• October 25 – Henry Knox, Secretary of War under George Washington (b. 1750)
• November 23 – Roger Newdigate, British politician (b. 1719)
• December 22 – William Vernon, American merchant (b. 1719)

Date unknown

• Mungo Park, Scottish explorer (b. 1771)
• Johann Gottfried Arnold, German cellist (b. 1773)