DGCR8

DGCR8 microprocessor complex subunit
250px PDB rendering based on 1x47.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 1X47, 2YT4, 3LE4
Identifiers
Symbols	DGCR8 ; C22orf12; DGCRK6; Gy1; pasha
External IDs	OMIM: 609030 MGI: 2151114 HomoloGene: 11223 GeneCards: DGCR8 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • double-stranded RNA binding • ribonuclease III activity • protein binding • heme binding • protein homodimerization activity • metal ion binding • primary miRNA binding Cellular component • nucleus • nucleoplasm • nucleolus • cytoplasm • microtubule cytoskeleton • microprocessor complex Biological process • gene expression • primary miRNA processing • regulation of stem cell proliferation • RNA phosphodiester bond hydrolysis • RNA phosphodiester bond hydrolysis, endonucleolytic Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
File:PBB GE DGCR8 219811 at tn.png
File:PBB GE DGCR8 218650 at tn.png
File:PBB GE DGCR8 64474 g at tn.png
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	54487	94223
Ensembl	ENSG00000128191	ENSMUSG00000022718
UniProt	Q8WYQ5	Q9EQM6
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001190326	NM_033324
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001177255	NP_201581
Location (UCSC)	Chr 22: 20.08 – 20.11 Mb	Chr 16: 18.25 – 18.29 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

The DGCR8 microprocessor complex subunit (DiGeorge syndrome chromosomal [or critical] region 8) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DGCR8 gene. In other animals, particularly the common model organisms Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans, the protein is known as Pasha (partner of Drosha). It is a required component of the RNA interference pathway.

Function

DGCR8 is localized to the cell nucleus and is required for microRNA (miRNA) processing. It binds to Drosha, an RNase III enzyme, to form the Microprocessor complex that cleaves a primary transcript known as pri-miRNA to a characteristic stem-loop structure known as a pre-miRNA, which is then further processed to miRNA fragments by the enzyme Dicer. DGCR8 contains an RNA-binding domain and is thought to bind pri-miRNA to stabilize it for processing by Drosha.