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This is a list of European political parties that have been classified as left-wing or far left in the political spectrum. The categorisation of some parties may vary in different sources.
Country |
Party |
Left |
Radical left |
Far left |
Extreme left |
Ideology |
Cyprus |
Progressive Party of Working People (AKEL) |
|
March[1] |
|
|
Reform communism[1] |
Czech Republic |
Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia (KSČM) |
|
March[1] |
|
Mareš[2] |
Reform communism[1] |
Czech Republic |
Union of Youth Communist of Czechoslovakia (SMKČ) |
|
March[1] |
|
Mareš[2] |
Radical left[1] |
Denmark |
Socialist People's Party (SF) |
Backes/Moreau[3]
Dunphy[4] |
March[1] |
Hloušek/Kopeček[5] |
|
Democratic socialism,[1] Red Green,[3]
leftist postmaterialism[5] |
Denmark |
Red-Green Alliance (EL) |
|
|
|
March[1] |
Democratic socialism[1] |
Finland |
Left Alliance (Finland) (VAS) |
Backes/Moreau[3]
Dunphy[6] |
March[1] |
|
|
Democratic socialism,[1]
Red Green[3] |
France |
French Communist Party (PCF) |
Dunphy[7] |
March[1] |
Hloušek/Kopeček[8] |
|
Reform communism[1][8] |
France |
New Anticapitalist Party (NPA) |
|
|
|
March[1] |
Populist socialism[1] |
France |
Workers' Struggle (LO) |
|
|
Dunphy[9] |
Courtois/Andolfatto[10] |
Trotskyism |
France |
Revolutionary Communist League (LCR), defunct |
|
|
Dunphy[9] |
Courtois/Andolfatto[10] |
Trotskyism |
Germany |
The Left |
|
March[1] |
Hloušek/Kopeček[11] |
|
Populist socialism[1] |
Greece |
Communist Party of Greece (KKE) |
Dunphy[12] |
March/Mudde[13] |
Hloušek/Kopeček[14] |
March[1] |
Traditionalist[14]/
conservative communism[1] |
Greece |
Synaspismós |
Backes/Moreau[3]
Dunphy[12] |
March[1] |
Hloušek/Kopeček[5] |
|
Democratic socialism,[1] Red Green,[3]
leftist postmaterialism[5] |
Iceland |
Left-Green Movement (VG) |
Backes/Moreau[3] |
March[1] |
|
|
Democratic socialism,[1]
Red Green[3] |
Ireland |
Sinn Féin |
|
March[1] |
|
|
Populist socialism[1] |
Italy |
Party of Communist Refoundation (PRC) |
Dunphy[15] |
March[1] |
Hloušek/Kopeček[8] |
|
Reform communism[1][8] |
Italy |
Party of Italian Communists (PdCI) |
Dunphy[15] |
March[1] |
|
|
Reform communism[1] |
Italy |
Italian Communist Party (PCI), defunct |
Dunphy[15] |
|
|
|
|
Italy |
Proletarian Democracy (DP), defunct |
|
|
Dunphy[16] |
|
|
Latvia |
Socialist Party of Latvia (LSP) |
|
|
|
March[1] |
Conservative communism[1] |
Netherlands |
Socialist Party (Netherlands) (SP) |
|
March[1]
Voerman[17] |
Hloušek/Kopeček[8] |
|
Populist socialism[1]/
social populism[8] |
Netherlands |
GreenLeft (GL) |
Backes/Moreau[3] |
|
Hloušek/Kopeček[5] |
|
Red Green,[3]
leftist postmaterialism[5] |
Norway |
Socialist Left Party (SV) |
Backes/Moreau[3] |
March[1] |
Hloušek/Kopeček[5] |
|
Democratic socialism,[1] Red Green[3]
leftist postmaterialism[5] |
Portugal |
Left Bloc (BE) |
|
March[1] |
|
Cunha[18] |
Democratic socialism[1] |
Portugal |
Portuguese Communist Party (PCP) |
Dunphy[19] |
|
Hloušek/Kopeček[14] |
March[1] |
Orthodox[18]/traditionalist[14]/
conservative communism[1] |
Scotland |
Scottish Socialist Party (SSP) |
|
March[1] |
Hloušek/Kopeček[8] |
|
Populist socialism[1]/
social populism[8] |
Slovakia |
Communist Party of Slovakia (KSS) |
|
|
|
March[1] |
Conservative communism[1] |
Slovakia |
Association of Slovak Workers (ZRS) |
|
March[1] |
Mareš[20]/
Hloušek/Kopeček[21] |
|
Social populism[1] |
Spain |
Communist Party of Spain (PCE) |
Dunphy[22] |
March[1] |
|
|
Reform communism[1] |
Sweden |
Left Party (Sweden) (V) |
Backes/Moreau[3]
Dunphy[23] |
March[1] |
|
|
Democratic socialism,[1]
Red Green[3] |
Ukraine |
Communist Party of Ukraine (CPU) |
|
Polese[24] |
|
|
Communism, Marxism-Leninism, pro-Russia[25] |
Literature
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References
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.31 1.32 1.33 1.34 1.35 1.36 1.37 1.38 1.39 1.40 1.41 1.42 1.43 1.44 1.45 1.46 1.47 1.48 1.49 March, 2008, p. 4
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 Backes/Moreau, 2008, p.571
- ↑ Dunphy, 2004, p. 131
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 Hloušek/Kopeček, 2010, p. 46
- ↑ Dunphy, 2004, p. 139
- ↑ Dunphy, 2004, p. 91
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 Hloušek/Kopeček, 2010, p. 47
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Dunphy, 2004, p. 102
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Hloušek/Kopeček, 2010, p. 72
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Dunphy, 2004, p. 103
- ↑ March/Mudde, 2005, p. 42
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 Hloušek/Kopeček, 2010, pp. 46–47
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Dunphy, 2004, p. 72
- ↑ Dunphy, 2004, p. 88
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Dunphy, 2004, p. 113
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Hloušek/Kopeček, 2010, p. 32
- ↑ Dunphy, 2004, p. 121
- ↑ Dunphy, 2004, p. 148
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.